Matthew 18:11-14 meaning

The parallel gospel accounts of Matthew 18:11-14 are found in Luke 19:10, Luke 15:4-7.

Jesus stressed how important each one these little ones is to Him personally. For the Son of Man has come to save that which was lost (v 11).

Jesus used the Son of Man as a Messianic reference for Himself. The Messiah came in order to save these little ones. That's how valuable each one is to God. Jesus used this exact expression when the short-statured tax collector, Zaccheus repented and restored all that he had defrauded by over-collecting what was due:

"For the Son of Man has come to seek and to save that which was lost."
(Luke 19:10)

Jesus likely used this expression on other occasions that were not recorded in the Gospels.

After He said this to His disciples, Jesus then told a short parable in the form of a question and answer. He prefaced the parable with a reflective question. What do you think? He asked His disciples. The Greek word translated as think is "Dokeo" (G1380). It means to "suppose" or "feel." Jesus was wanting His disciples' first response to the parable He was about to share.

The parable was If any man has a hundred sheep, and one of them has gone astray, does he not leave the ninety-nine on the mountains and go and search for the one that is straying? (v 12).

Jesus describes a shepherd who owns a hundred sheep. But one of these sheep has gone astray and is lost (v 12). Jesus asks the disciples to consider if the shepherd will not leave his ninety-nine other sheep in a safe place on the mountains in order to go and search for the one that is straying? (v 12). The answer is of course the shepherd would do so.

Jesus continues, and if he finds the lost sheep, won't he rejoice over it more than over the ninety-nine which have not gone astray? (v 13) This man will be so happy that he recovered what had been lost. He will celebrate that his one sheep has been found.

As the Son of Man, Jesus is our Good Shepherd. This image of Jesus can be seen in passages like Psalm 23, John 10:14. He too has come to seek and to save that which was lost (v 11). He goes beyond seeking. He will lay down His life for His sheep (John 10:15).

In a different context, Luke records that Jesus shared another version of this parable known as "the parable of the lost sheep" (Luke 15:4-7). It is alongside two parallel parables: "the parable of the lost coin (Luke 15:8-10); and "the parable of the prodigal son" (Luke 15:11-32).

The Jesus summarized the point of His parable. So it is not the will of your Father who is in heaven that one of these little ones perish (v 14). God desires for everyone to be saved (2 Peter 3:9). And God deeply cares about these little ones. The implication for the disciples, and us, is that each of us should care about these little ones too, if we wish to be great in God's kingdom.