Genesis 23:17-20 meaning

This episode ends with a summary of what had occurred. Abraham now owned land in Canaan. After giving Ephron the Hittite four hundred shekels of silver, Ephron's field, which was in Machpelah, which faced Mamre ,now belonged to Abraham. The property he purchased included the field and the cave which was in it. Apparently the cave was what Abraham mainly sought, to act as a grave. But he also got a field along with the cave. Abraham also acquired all the trees which were in the field. That the trees are mentioned as a part of the purchase price might indicate that property could be sold but ownership of the trees retained. In this case it was clear that Ephron would have no further claim to go in and cut down the trees. They came with the deal. The trees included were specifically those that were within all the confines of its border. These also were deeded over to Abraham as a possession.

This purchase was done in the presence of the sons of Heth, other Hittite men who were witness to the deal, before all who entered the gate of his city, which was the site of such transactions in the ancient world, or where judgements were made to settle disputes.

After this purchase, Abraham has a burial plot for his departed wife. He buried his wife Sarah in the cave of the field of Machpelah facing Mamre (that is, Hebron), in the land of Canaan.

That Abraham legally owned the field and the cave is repeated in the final verse, that the property was deeded over to Abraham for a burial site by the sons of Heth.

This repetition emphasizes the validity of the purchase. The purpose of this episode was to show that Abraham was finally a landowner in the Promised Land, and that his family would live and die and be buried there, a sign of dedicated trust in God's promises (Genesis 12:7, Gen. 15:18-21).