First Kings is a historical book traditionally linked to one or more anonymous biblical writers, with some scholars suggesting the prophet Jeremiah as a possible compiler. It covers events in the united monarchy under King Solomon and continues into the divided kingdoms of Israel and Judah. The story begins near the end of King David’s life, when he instructs his son Solomon, “Keep the charge of the LORD your God, to walk in His ways” (1 Kings 2:3). This charge underscores the central theme of the book: the significance of faithfulness to God’s commands for rulers and people alike.

King Solomon succeeds David around 970 BC and establishes a reign known for its wisdom and prosperity. One of the most significant events during Solomon’s rule is the construction of the temple in Jerusalem, a city located in the hill country of Judah about 30 miles east of the Mediterranean Sea. Jerusalem becomes the religious and political center of Israel, reflecting the fulfillment of King David’s desire to create a central place of worship. Despite Solomon’s wise administration and successful building projects, his later years are marked by spiritual decline due to alliances and idolatrous practices that follow the influence of foreign marriages.

Following Solomon’s death around 930 BC, his son Rehoboam unwisely increases the burden on the people, prompting the ten northern tribes to break away under the leadership of Jeroboam, who reigns from 931 to around 910 BC. This fracture results in two separate kingdoms: Israel in the north (often centered around Samaria) and Judah in the south, with Jerusalem as its capital. The book documents the succession of kings in both realms, highlighting their varied faithfulness (or lack thereof) to God’s covenant.

Key figures also emerge, such as the prophets Elijah and Elisha, who strive to draw the northern kingdom back to the LORD. The reign of King Ahab (874–853 BC) becomes a focal point for Elijah’s ministry, where idolatry and injustice prevail. First Kings reveals a continued pattern: blessings come from living in harmony with God’s ways, but judgment ensues when leaders turn away from Him. Through its historical narrative, the book underscores the enduring truth that spiritual fidelity is indispensable for stable governance and lasting peace.