Job 5:1-7 records how Job’s friend Eliphaz tries to solve Job’s suffering by attempting to convince Job that he has sinned. Eliphaz views life simplistically and inaccurately, that Job has suffered loss because he has not repented of sin. God will not hear him or help him because of an unconfessed sin. Eliphaz describes the ways jealousy, anger, and foolishness bring ruin to a man’s livelihood and family. There are grains of truth in what he says, but his overall understanding of God is wrong. God cannot be controlled by our actions. Job is not suffering due to a lack of righteousness.

Job 5:8-16 continues Eliphaz’s incorrect advice. He tries to steer Job toward a transactional framework, implying that if Job takes the correct steps, God is obligated to restore him. He advises Job to go to God (implying the need to repent of sin). Eliphaz speaks many truths about God to make his point—that God can do anything, that He is beyond our understanding, that He sustains the earth through rain, He comforts the heartbroken and humbles the shrewd. God has compassion for the poor and lowly. But Eliphaz will continue to imply that Job is being disciplined by God for an unconfessed sin. This is the fundamental flaw in his worldview. God is not a mathematical formula; He allows events for His own reasons. Job is righteous; that is not why he suffers.

Job 5:17-27 gets to the heart of Eliphaz’s perspective on Job’s suffering: Job suffers because he has sinned. God is disciplining him like a disobedient child. Eliphaz gives many proverbs to display how God will restore and heal Job after this disciplinary period is over. But Job has not sinned. Job is the most righteous man on earth. Eliphaz speaks arrogantly of things he does not understand, citing himself and other wise men as authorities who have studied God and know how He works. But God is beyond our understanding. He has allowed Job’s suffering so that Job might know Him more deeply by faith.