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Exodus 11:9-10 is a parenthetical note in the account. In it, the LORD reviews and summarized what has happened since the beginning of the plagues in 7:8.

Exodus 11:4-8 contains the message that Moses gave to Pharaoh concerning this last plague.

Exodus 11:1-3 contains the LORD’s resolve to bring the last and most serious plague. The nature of the plague was not specified here, just the aftermath of the plague. The LORD told Moses that the Israelites would not just be allowed to leave Egypt after this plague, they would be driven out altogether. The Egyptians are enthusiastic that the plagues stop by any means. They even give their Israelite neighbors their gold and silver to entice them to leave. Even Moses would be greatly admired by the Egyptian people, (possible exception being Pharaoh, who is omitted from the list).

Exodus 10:21-29 describes the ninth plague. As with the third and sixth plagues, it was unannounced. There was no bartering between Moses and Pharaoh, so there was no warning given. It involved a darkness that has never been seen in a country where the sun almost shines every day. As in previous plagues, Israel was not affected by this plague.

In the eighth plague, the LORD used that which was (and still is) a scourge to the Egyptians and others to this day — locusts. These insects were (and still are) voracious eaters of any plant life that they can find.

The seventh plague (verses 13-35) is the first one in the third cycle of the first nine plagues. The plagues in this cycle are more severe than the previous ones. Similar to plagues 1 and 4, Moses was commanded to confront Pharaoh in the morning. In this plague, however, the message Moses was to convey to Pharaoh was longer and provided more detail as to the LORD’s dealings with him. The LORD told Pharaoh that the plagues were designed to show him and his people that the God of the Hebrews was unique, that He was incomparable, and that disobeying Him would have terrible consequences.

The sixth plague (verses 8-12) is the last one in the second cycle of the nine plagues. It comes without warning, like the third plague. It involved inflicting painful boils on humans and livestock. Even the magicians were afflicted by the boils and were unable to control the plague. But the result was as the LORD had predicted — Pharaoh’s heart was hardened by the LORD and he did not let the Israelites go out of the land to worship the LORD God.

The fifth plague is the second one in the second cycle of the nine plagues. It consisted of some kind of disease that affected livestock, not people. As in the second plague of the first cycle, there is no specific time that Moses was to confront Pharaoh. Like before, he was told to relay the message of the LORD along with a warning if Pharaoh disobeyed.

Starting in 8:20, the second cycle of plagues begins. The first in this cycle, the fourth plague (8:20-32) involves an infestation of flies. As in the first plague, Moses and Aaron confronted Pharaoh as he was going to bathe in the Nile. The LORD commanded Pharaoh to release the Israelites and then threatened him with another plague if he does not comply. The Israelites were not affected by this plague, but the rest of Egypt was devastated by it. Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron and told them to go offer sacrifices to the LORD. Moses declined the offer due to the fact that the nature of Israelite sacrifice would offend the Egyptians and hence would endanger the lives the Israelites. Moses also told Pharaoh that he would entreat the LORD to remove the swarm of flies from the land. He also warned Pharaoh not to go back on his word like he did in the previous plague. The LORD then removed every one of the flies, but Pharaoh hardened his heart again and did not set the Israelites free.

The third plague is unannounced. It simply happens. There is no conversation between Moses and Pharaoh, nor is there any warning of its coming. This plague involves an intense swarm of gnats that caused misery to both human and animal alike. The plague begins when Aaron strikes the dust on the ground. The dust particles are immediately turned into gnats. The Egyptian magicians were not able to duplicate this plague. In spite of this, Pharaoh’s heart continued to be hardened, just as the LORD predicted.

The second plague involves an overwhelming infestation of frogs. There was to be no place in Egypt where the frogs were not present in large numbers. This plague would affect everyone from Pharaoh to servants. It was, as was the case in all the plagues, the result of Pharaoh’s refusal to let the people of Israel go. Pharaoh’s magicians reproduced the frog infestation, but they could not stop it. So, Pharaoh had to ask Moses and Aaron to ask their LORD to stop the plague. Moses allowed Pharaoh to choose when he wanted the plague to end. The LORD did so, leaving piles of dead, stinking frogs all over Egypt.

A word of introduction on the plagues of Egypt, which begin here in Exodus 7:14 and extend to Exodus 12:32.

Moses’ conflict with Pharaoh begins in verse 8. The first confrontation is in 7:18-23. Here, the LORD instructed Moses and Aaron concerning what to do when Pharaoh asked for a miracle. Moses had Aaron cast down his staff in Pharaoh’s presence, which became a serpent. Pharaoh’s sorcerers duplicated the miracle, resulting in Pharaoh’s heart being hardened. All this happened because the LORD planned it.

Exodus 7:1-7 is the LORD’s response to the latest iteration of Moses using the excuse that he is not eloquent enough to talk to Pharaoh. The LORD accommodates him by restating His appointment of Aaron as his mouthpiece before Pharaoh. Moses will receive the LORD’s message and then tell Aaron to convey it to Pharaoh. The purpose of this was to not only deliver Israel from Egyptian slavery but also to demonstrate that He is the sovereign God all creation. The section concludes with a statement of complete obedience by Moses and Aaron and also the ages of the two men when all this took place.

Exodus 6:28-30 is repetitious to verses 10-12, reiterating God’s command to Moses.

Exodus 6:26-27 can be viewed as the reason for the genealogy.

A genealogy is given.

In Exodus 6:10-13 , the LORD commands Moses to confront Pharaoh again to demand the release of the Israelites.

Exodus 6:8-9 shows what the LORD commanded Moses to tell the Israelites. They need to be prepared for their deliverance that is about to happen, and He wanted them to believe that He will do what He says He is going to do in these verses.

The Israelites need to be prepared for their deliverance that is about to happen, and He wanted them to believe that He will do what He says He is going to do. God can be trusted.